@Owura; how well can we get the farmers to understand climate-smart agriculture?
As stated for climate change above we break down the issue to the farmers’ understanding by giving examples asking questions.
We can start by explaining how farming or agriculture has changed over time, how we no longer just use the hoe and cutlass, but animal-drawn implements and machines, how we no longer solely use the hoe for weed control but weedicides and herbicides, how they have stopped using some seeds or even select the cobs or plant seeds of some plants but not others.
All of which are making their activities less cumbersome and yield more produce, enough food and more money when they sell.
Bring in how the climate has also changed with the examples mentioned above. State the need for farmers to have bumper harvest each year whether rain comes on time, fall little or too much.
Explain with the challenges from climate change, scientists have worked and are still working to come out with seed varieties that will perform or still give us some good yield when the weather is adverse in a particular year.
They have produced early maturity seed varieties, late maturity varieties, drought-tolerant seed, drought escape seed, low and upland seeds for crops like rice, disease and pest-resistant seeds all of which to ensure that human beings are food secure.
So therefore when they farmers are are using those varieties based on what the season is likely to be to have a good harvest during adverse weather conditions as a result of the effects of climate change, they are being Climate Smart and Practicing Climate-Smart Agriculture.
For example, the rains delayed incoming at the right time this year, it is left with two months for the season to end. Being climate-smart a farmer would go for two months variety crop e.g. cowpea( beans) which takes 60 days to produce and mature).
Famers also practice climate-smart agriculture if because of low rainfall in the season, then they bound the rice fields to prevent water from running off thereby conserving the little water on the field.
Immediately the rains start a farmer plants an early maturing variety, harvest before the main season crops when others were still waiting for the rains, such farmer is practicing climate-smart agriculture.
Getting farmers to use an empty water bottle filled with water and tied to a stick to water vegetables on the farm through drips is also practicing climate-smart agriculture.
Also planting of drought escape and drought-resistant seed variety to escape or withstand two weeks of drought and still produce enough yield is been climate-smart
In the livestock sector modulating the feed of ruminant livestock (sheep, goats, cattle, buffaloes) to reduce methane emission is been climate-smart.
Creating more windows for aerations so as to manage excessive temperatures in a livestock house is been climate-smart and practicing climate-smart agriculture.
Using the manure/dung from cattle to produce biogas for cooking and other stuff on a livestock farm and using the digest from the biogas production to fertilize the farmlands for higher yield, no chemical fertilizer use is been climate-smart and practicing climate-smart sustainable agriculture.
The planting of trees on farms to make them carbon neutral or so we engage in carbon trade is been climate-smart agriculture.